isßfiakg n,h ÿkafka md,khg" kuq;a Tyq Tyqf.a wruqKq .ek h:d¾:jd§ úh hq;=hs
ckdêm;s ffu;%Smd, isßfiak uy;df.a úfoaY m%;sm;a;shg tfrysj m<uq m%ydrh Ökh úiska jl%dldrfhka ,nd § we;' fuh wka;¾jdr wdKavqj fukau kj ckdêm;sjrhd jvd;a uekúka f;areï .; hq;=j we;af;ah' ukao forg w;r mj;akd oaúmd¾Yùh iïnkaO;d b;du .eUqrg úys§.sh tajd jk w;r fndfyda fofkl=g ;ju;a f;areï .ekSug fndfyda fohla b;=re ù we;s fyhsks' ysgmq ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d wod< oaúmd¾Yùh iïnkaO;djh b;d ixlS¾K uÜgulg /f.k wdfõh' th oel l,dmfha wfkla rgj,a mjd úlaIsma; jQ nj fndfyda fofkla okakd ldrKhls'
wo Èk ijq;a phskd fuda¾kska fmdiaÜ mqj;amf;a l;= jelsh ud¾.fhka ckdêm;s ffu;%smd, isßfiak uy;dg ;u r;= t<sh ,nd §ug Ökh lghq;= fldg we;' fydx fldx isg m< lrK m%Odk fmf<a mqj;am;la jk fuu mqj;am; ld,dka;rhla ;siafia udOH ksoyi iïnkaOfhka jvd;a jeo.;a fufyhla l< mqj;am;la úh' Ök uOHu wdKavqfjka t,a, jQ wkjr; ueÈy;aùï uOHfha Bg tfrysj iajdëk udOH l,djla mj;ajdf.k hEug fuu mqj;am; iu;a úh'
úfYaIfhka 1997 § n%s;dkH úiska fydx fldx úfYaI mßmd,k tallh Ökh ndrhg §fuka miqo tu ;;ajh jir lsysmhla ;siafia tf,iu meje;ajqKs' fï ksid Ök mßmd,k ffY,Hg tfrysj lghq;= lrK fndfyduhla l%shdOrhska ;u iq/l=ï ia:dkh f,i f;dard .;af;a fydx fldx úfYaI mßmd,k tallhhs' fuu mqj;am;o Tjqyq fjkqfjka Rcqj fmkS isáfhah'
kuq;a 2000 jir uq,aNd.h jk úg fuu ;;ajh l%ufhka fjkia ùug mgka .;af;ah' Ök uOHu wdKavqj fydx fldxyS mßmd,kh .ek iel ixld we;slr .ekSu W.% lrkq ,nkafka fuu ld,h ;=<§ nj b;sydih foi ne,Sfï§ meyeÈ,sj olakg ,efnk ldrKhls' ta wkqj fndfyduhla jHdmdr " fukau mßmd,k jHqyh ;=< l%shd;aul jk fndfyduhla ;eka iïnkaOfhka isÿlrk ksÍlaIKh mq¿,a lsÍug Ök uOHu wdKavqj lghq;= lrk wdldrh oel .; yels úh'
fydx fldx isg uqo%Kh fldg fnod yßk “ijq;a phskd fuda¾kska fmdiaÜ” mqj;amf;a ckudOH l,dj fjkia jkafkao fï wkqjh' jir .Kkdjla ;siafia m%Odk l;D OQrh i|yd bx.%SiS cd;slfhl= m;a jQ w;r th miqj fjkia lsÍug md,kdêldßh lghq;= lrkq ,eîh' tys ir, b;sydih fuhhs'
mqj;am; wdrïN jkafka 1903 § tia'iS'tï'mS' .arEma iud.u úisks ' bka miq 1971 § tys fldgia úl=Kkq ,eîh' m%lg ´iag%ේ,shdkq wefußldkq jHdmdßlhl= jk lS;a rm¾Ü ufvdla úiska th fm!oa.,SlrKh lrkq ,nkafka 1987 §h' 1990§ h,s;a tys fldgia úl=Kd ouk w;r wdishdfõ iSkS rcd f,i yeÈkafjk l=Tla mjq, wod< mqj;am;g ;u wjOdkh fhduqlrkafka fï ld,fha§h' ta wkqj 1993 § tys fldgia iShg 34'9 l whs;slre jkafka fuu flÍ .arEma yS ysñlre jQ frdn¾Ü l=Tlah' tys m%;sm,h f,i frdn¾Ü l=Tlaf.a mq;%hd jk l=Tla Bka tys m%OdkShd njg m;a fõ' 2008 § b;sß ù ;snq fldgia j,ska iShg 30la ;ukag tl;= lr .ekSug l=Tla iu;a úh' bka miq mqj;amf;a iïmQ¾K n,h ysñ lr .ekSug l=Tla mjq, iu;a úh'
frdn¾Ü l=Tla hkq uef,aishdkq ) Ök iïNjhla we;s Ok l=fõrfhls' wfußldkq fvd,¾ ì,shk 10'5 l j;alulg ysñlï lshk fudyq" uef,aishdfõ isák m<uq Okj;d fukau .sksfldKÈ. wdishdfõ isák fojeks Okj;au mqoa.,hd fõ' uef,aishdfõ iSkS fj<|fmdf,a n,h Tyq i;=jk w;r tys 80]l n,h Tyqg ysñ nj ie,fla' fgdka ñ,shk 1'5 la jk Tyqf.a iSkS ksIamdokh f,dal iSkS fj<|fmdf<a iShg10la hehs lshkq ,efí'
;u jHdmdßl lghq;= j, m%Odk ixÈia:dkhla f,i Tyq" 1971 § isx.mQrefõ§ Ydka.%S),d fydag,a iuQyh wdrïN lrkq ,nhs' bkamiq 1977 § m<uqjrg fydx fldx fj; meñ”fï uq,sl wruqK f,i i|yka jkafkao ;u Ydka.%S),d fydag,fha YdLdjla bÈlsÍugh' ta wkqj ljq¨ka Ydka.%S),d wdrïN fõ' 1993§ tia'iS'tï'mS' .arEma i;= fldgia ñ,§ .kafka bka miqjh'
.sksfldK È. wdishdfõ rgj,a /ila fudyqg wh;a jHdmdr /ila mj;sk w;r Ökh ;=<o iud.ï rdYshla we;' îðka yS msysá îðka f,dal fj<| uOHia:dkfha ysñlre jkafka Tyqh' tneúka Ök wdKavqj iuÛ we;s iïnkaOh f;areï .ekSu lsisfjl=g wmyiq ke;'
fï w;r ijq;a phskd fuda¾kska fmdiaÜ mqj;amf;a l;=jrhd f,i jeka Yshkafjhs m;ajkafkah' ta 2012 fmnrjdÍ udifha§h' fuu l;=jrhd jir 20 la phskd fâ,s fyj;a Ök wdKavqfõ m%Odk mqj;amf;a fiajh fldg we;' bka miq 1993 fydx fldx m%foaYhg meñ”ug fmr Tyq tlai;a rdcOdkshg hk w;r tys§ b;d flá ld,hla î' î' iS' Ök fiajfha lghq;= l< nj mejfia' bka miq 1996 § “ijq;a phskd fuda¾kska fmdiaÜ” mqj;amf;a jHdmdßl jd¾;dlrefjl= f,i ;u lghq;= wdrïN lrhs' l;=jrfhl= iy kfhdach l;=jrfhl= f,i fiajh l< fy;u 2012 § mqj;amf;a m%Odk l;=jrhd njg m;ajkafkah' Ökfha ^ fïka ,Ekaâ phskd& yS Wm; ,enQ wfhl= fuu ;k;=rg m;a jQfha m%:u j;djg fõ' jvd;a jeo.; ldrKh jkafka Yshkafjhs Ökfha uyck foaYmd,k WmfoaYl fldx.%ifha idudðlfhl= ùuh'
Tyq Ök uOHu wdKavqjg b;d l=¿mÛ wfhl= f,i lghq;= lrK nj fydx fldx yS fjfik fndfyduhla fofkl= muKla fkdj tu mqj;amf;a fiajh lrK we;eï l;=jreka mjd t,a, lrK fpdaokdjls' Ökh úfõpkh flrk lsis÷ mqj;la m<lsÍfuka Tyq je<lS isàu iy Ök wdKavqj úfõpkh l< ;Sre ,sms rplhska f.or heùu Tyq hgf;a isÿúh'
fudyqf.a Ök mlaImd;S;ajh 2012 cqks udifha§ we;s jQ wdkafoda,kd;aul isÿùulska jvd;a m%p,s; úh' 1989 § ;skakuka p;=rY%fha isÿjQfha hehs lshk ixydrhg trysj lghq;= l< ,S jeka.ahka.a" m%;sldr ,nñka isá yqkdka frdayf,a§ yÈisfha f., je,,df.k ñh .sfhah' th fndfyda fokl=f.a iel ixldjg fya;= úh' fndfyda fofkl= úYajdi lrkq ,enqfõ Tyqg f., je<,d.ekSug n, lrkq ,enQ nj fyda urd oeófuka miq Tyq t,a,d oeuQ njhs'
wod< mqj;g jeä m%pdrhla ,nd Èh hq;= nj mqj;amf;a mqj;a l;=jrhd ;SrKh fldg uqo%Khg ks¾foaY lrkq ,eîh' kuq;a mqj;g ks¾foaY l< bv ,eî fkd;snqKs' th m%Yak l< wjia:dfõ§" m%Odk l;=jrhd lshd isáfha" th ;uka ;SrKh l< nj;a ;uka m< lrkafka ;ukag wjYH oE hehs lshdh' tfiau Tn Bg wlue;skï fyda ms<s.ekSug iQodkï ke;akï l< hq;af;a l=uo hkak Tn okafkah" hehs Tyq jeäÿrg;a i|yka lf<ah'
jir 112 la merKs mqj;amf;a l;=jrhd f,i lghq;= lrk Yshkafjhs" fï wdldrfhka yeisÍu .ek fndfyduhla ixúOdkj, lki,a,g fya;= ù we;' kuq;a tla fohla meyeÈ,sh' Tyq jl%j i|yka lrkq ,nkafka Ök uOHu wdKavqjg wjYH fohhs'
ckdêm;s ffu;%smd, m;aùu Ök wdKavqfõ mqÿuhg fya;= nj meyeÈ,sh' tfiau ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd hgf;a isÿ jQ fndfyduhla oE j, wkd.;h .ek Ök wdKavqjg úYd, m%fya<sldjla ;sfí' fï ksid" isßfiak lkak ÿkak w; ymd fkdlE hq;=h" hehs nrm;< ud;Dldjla ,ndfoñka Yshkafjhs ,shd we;s l;=jelsfha we;s foaYmd,k iyd wdr:sl jeo.;alu f;areï .ekSu wmyiq ke;'
l;=jelshg wkqj Ökh úYd, f,i ,xldjg Woõ fldg we;' jrdhka" .=jka f;dgqm<j,a wd§h fukau ,xldfõ wd¾:slh ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd úfYaI odhl;ajhla ,nd § we;' tfiau" ckdêm;s ffu;%S tajdg leue;af;ka fkdisánj;a" tuÛska tl mjq,la fmdfydi;a jQ nj Tyq is;k nj;a wod< l;= jelsh lshkafkah' ta .ek mÍlaIK mj;ajk nj kjrch lshk nj i|yka lrK l;=jrhd" w;aika lrkq ,enQ wod< .súiqï mQckSh f,i ie,lsh hq;= nj wjOdrKh lrkq ,nhs'
isßfiakg n,h ÿkafka md,khg" kuq;a Tyq Tyqf.a wruqKq .ek h:d¾:jd§ úh hq;=hs”" Yshkafjhs ;u l;=jelsh wjika lrkafka tf,ih'
óg m%;spdrhla ,xld wdKavqfjka m<ùug kshñ; oehs fkdoksñ' kuq;a ñka ,xld wdKavqjg fukau kdhlhdg isÿ fldg we;s jl%dldr wdhdpkh fukau fr!o% n,mEu iq¿mgq fkdfõ' th hula wysñ ù hehs miqjk ìh ksid ,sh jQ fohla hehs ir,j f;areï .ekSug fkdyelsh'
fï w;r “ijq;a phskd fuda¾kska fmdiaÜ” mqj;amf;a l;=jrhd f,i jeka Yshkafjhs m;ajkafkah' ta 2012 fmnrjdÍ udifha§h' fuu l;=jrhd jir 20 la phskd fâ,s fyj;a Ök wdKavqfõ m%Odk mqj;amf;a fiajh fldg we;' bka miq 1993 fydx fldx m%foaYhg meñ”ug fmr Tyq tlai;a rdcOdkshg hk w;r tys§ b;d flá ld,hla î' î' iS' Ök fiajfha lghq;= l< nj mejfia' bka miq 1996 § “ijq;a phskd fuda¾kska fmdiaÜ” mqj;amf;a jHdmdßl jd¾;dlrefjl= f,i ;u lghq;= wdrïN lrhs' l;=jrfhl= iy kfhdach l;=jrfhl= f,i fiajh l< fy;u 2012 § mqj;amf;a m%Odk l;=jrhd njg m;ajkafkah' Ökfha ^ fïka ,Ekaâ phskd& yS Wm; ,enQ wfhl= fuu ;k;=rg m;a jQfha m%:u j;djg fõ' jvd;a jeo.; ldrKh jkafka Yshkafjhs Ökfha uyck foaYmd,k WmfoaYl fldx.%ifha idudðlfhl= ùuh'
Tyq Ök uOHu wdKavqjg b;d l=¿mÛ wfhl= f,i lghq;= lrK nj fydx fldx yS fjfik fndfyduhla fofkl= muKla fkdj tu mqj;amf;a fiajh lrK we;eï l;=jreka mjd t,a, lrK fpdaokdjls' Ökh úfõpkh flrk lsis÷ mqj;la m<lsÍfuka Tyq je<lS isàu iy Ök wdKavqj úfõpkh l< ;Sre ,sms rplhska f.or heùu Tyq hgf;a isÿúh'
fudyqf.a Ök mlaImd;S;ajh 2012 cqks udifha§ we;s jQ wdkafoda,kd;aul isÿùulska jvd;a m%p,s; úh' 1989 § ;skakuka p;=rY%fha isÿjQfha hehs lshk ixydrhg trysj lghq;= l< ,S jeka.ahka.a" m%;sldr ,nñka isá yqkdka frdayf,a§ yÈisfha f., je,,df.k ñh .sfhah' th fndfyda fokl=f.a iel ixldjg fya;= úh' fndfyda fofkl= úYajdi lrkq ,enqfõ Tyqg f., je<,d.ekSug n, lrkq ,enQ nj fyda urd oeófuka miq Tyq t,a,d oeuQ njhs'
wod< mqj;g jeä m%pdrhla ,nd Èh hq;= nj mqj;amf;a mqj;a l;=jrhd ;SrKh fldg uqo%Khg ks¾foaY lrkq ,eîh' kuq;a mqj;g ks¾foaY l< bv ,eî fkd;snqKs' th m%Yak l< wjia:dfõ§" m%Odk l;=jrhd lshd isáfha" th ;uka ;SrKh l< nj;a ;uka m< lrkafka ;ukag wjYH oE hehs lshdh' tfiau Tn Bg wlue;skï fyda ms<s.ekSug iQodkï ke;akï l< hq;af;a l=uo hkak Tn okafkah" hehs Tyq jeäÿrg;a i|yka lf<ah'
jir 112 la merKs mqj;amf;a l;=jrhd f,i lghq;= lrk Yshkafjhs" fï wdldrfhka yeisÍu .ek fndfyduhla ixúOdkj, lki,a,g fya;= ù we;' kuq;a tla fohla meyeÈ,sh' Tyq jl%j i|yka lrkq ,nkafka Ök uOHu wdKavqjg wjYH fohhs'
ckdêm;s ffu;%smd, m;aùu Ök wdKavqfõ mqÿuhg fya;= nj meyeÈ,sh' tfiau ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd hgf;a isÿ jQ fndfyduhla oE j, wkd.;h .ek Ök wdKavqjg úYd, m%fya<sldjla ;sfí' fï ksid" “isßfiak lkak ÿkak w; ymd fkdlE hq;=h"” hehs nrm;< ud;Dldjla ,ndfoñka Yshkafjhs ,shd we;s l;=jelsfha we;s foaYmd,k iyd wdr:sl jeo.;alu f;areï .ekSu wmyiq ke;'
l;=jelshg wkqj Ökh úYd, f,i ,xldjg Woõ fldg we;' jrdhka" .=jka f;dgqm<j,a wd§h fukau ,xldfõ wd¾:slh ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd úfYaI odhl;ajhla ,nd § we;' tfiau" ckdêm;s ffu;%S tajdg leue;af;ka fkdisánj;a" tuÛska tl mjq,la fmdfydi;a jQ nj Tyq is;k nj;a wod< l;= jelsh lshkafkah' ta .ek mÍlaIK mj;ajk nj kjrch lshk nj i|yka lrK l;=jrhd" w;aika lrkq ,enQ wod< .súiqï mQckSh f,i ie,lsh hq;= nj wjOdrKh lrkq ,nhs'
isßfiakg n,h ÿkafka md,khg" kuq;a Tyq Tyqf.a wruqKq .ek h:d¾:jd§ úh hq;=hs" Yshkafjhs ;u l;=jelsh wjika lrkafka tf,ih'
óg m%;spdrhla ,xld wdKavqfjka m<ùug kshñ; oehs fkdoksñ' kuq;a ñka ,xld wdKavqjg fukau kdhlhdg isÿ fldg we;s jl%dldr wdhdpkh fukau fr!o% n,mEu iq¿mgq fkdfõ' th hula wysñ ù hehs miqjk ìh ksid ,sh jQ fohla hehs ir,j f;areï .ekSug fkdyelsh'
ks,ka; b,x.uqj
